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Classification of thorax diseases on chest X-ray images using artificial intelligence
Pijáček, Štěpán ; Mikulec, Marek (referee) ; Mezina, Anzhelika (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá výzkumem použitelných řešení pro problém klasifikace onemocnění hrudníku na rentgenových snímcích hrudníku pomocí umělé inteligence. Pro lepší pochopení problému jsou v prvních kapitolách vysvětleny základní konvoluční neuronové sítě a jejich výhody a nevýhody. Na základě těchto prvních vysvětlení jsou vybrány dvě neuronové sítě, které rozšiřují koncept konvoluční neuronové sítě. Těmito sítěmi jsou kapslová síť a reziduální síť, obě jsou dále vysvětleny v příslušných kapitolách s jejich výhodami a nevýhodami. Reziduální síť a kapslová síť jsou poté implementovány pomocí programovacího jazyka python a frameworku TensorFlow s knihovnou Keras, obě se svými příslušnými kapitolami. Na konci práce jsou uvedeny výsledky a závěr.
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Effects of hippotherapy on gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy - a review study
Meisselová, Nicola ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Bačáková, Radka (referee)
Title: Effects of hippotherapy on gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy - a review study Objectives: The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the results of studies dealing with the influence of hippotherapy on gross motor skills in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: The work was based on a review study. There were searched two electronic databases - PubMed and Web of Science (WoS). Results: A total of 115 studies were retrieved for the review study, from which 17 studies were finally included, 632 children with cerebral palsy ranging in age from 2 to 15 years participated in those studies. Six studies followed only one group (SGT), six randomised controlled trials (RCT) were also conducted and a further five studies did not use randomisation but included a control group (NCT). Conclusions: Based on the results of expert studies conducted over the last twenty years, it can be concluded that hippotherapy may be an effective therapy for children suffering from cerebral palsy. Keywords: equine therapy; animotherapy; rehabilitation; diseases; disabilities
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Porody u skotu
Podubníčková, Klára
Bachelor´s thesis deals with cattle parturition. It defines what is physiological parturition, describes different stages of calving, the signs of upcoming parturition, positions of the fetus, assistance of a breeder or veterinarian during parturition, the most common complications that happen during parturition and also defines the main cost items associated with the birth of a calf. The practical part of this thesis is based on a dataset of births from Holstein cattle breeding in the School Farm Žabčice in the period from 1. 12. 2021 to 1. 12. 2022. These data include the date of each birth, the sex of the calf born, the process of the birth and if it was a cow or heifer birth. A total of 566 births were recorded in period during data recording. There were 597 calves born overall. In 55 % of the births, heifers were born and 45 % of the births were bulls. In 89 % of cases there were easy births, 7 % were more difficult births and 4 % were very complicated births. In general, cows gave birth more easily than heifers. In conclusion, some recommendations for the breeding practice of the selected farm are given.
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Analýza chovu dobrmanů v České republice
Lefnerová, Nikol
The bachelor thesis describes the issue of Doberman breeding in the Czech Republic and partially discusses the standard valid in the United States of America. The specifics of breeding, the history of the breed, including today's use of Dobermans in various segments are described. The bachelor thesis also includes breeding requirements and information on the most common diseases faced by Doberman breeders. It answers questions regarding the occurrence of the two main diseases that Dobermans suffer from and states the degree of influence of these diseases on the quality of life of the affected dogs. This work also researched the average life span of dogs with diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy. In the thesis the method of questionnaire survey was used to obtain data, as well as the method of data processing and following transformation into graphs and charts. In the practical part of the bachelor's thesis key information on the occurrence of dilated cardiomyopathy and hip dysplasia in the Doberman population was interpreted, along with possible measures that could lead to a reduction in the occurrence of these diseases.
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Specifika chovu a využití border kolií v České republice
Kokešová, Klára
This bachelor thesis focuses on the Border Collie breed, specifics of its breeding, breed standard, possible working and sporting use and the most common diseases in this breed. The practical part focuses on osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), which is a relatively common disease in this breed, but it's not a disabling defect for breeding. Information on a total of 108 individuals is collected by questionnaire and the information found is processed into graphs. The data shows that most of the individuals affected by OCD also have this disease in their ancestors. One of the other interesting obtained information is that most of dogs do not have their results from the examination on the presence or absence of OCD entered in the official Czech database of border collies. This fact represents a complication for future breeding if we want to at least partially prevented this disease. The thesis concludes with recommendations for breeders and owners.
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Výskyt škodlivých činitelů na hlízách lilku bramboru
Toma, Milan
This thesis aims to evaluate the health status of potato tubers of the Camelia variety. The practical part was carried out in the year 2022 at two different locations in the western region of Slovakia. One of the goals was to mathematically calculate the predicted, total and net yield per hectare. The yield per hectare in the main market category was also calculated in category 40–60 mm. In terms of health, the wireworm caused the greatest damage at both locations. Damage from heat stress, which resulted in premature germination, second growth, and greening of the tubers, was also a frequent kind of damage. In none of the locations was the Camelia variety attacked or damaged by a disease to which, according to the materials, it has an increased or complete resistance. The total yield was 67,5 t/ha at location No. 1 and 40,7 t/ha at location No. 2. The net yield at site No. 1 reached 60,4 t/ha, and at site No. 2, it was 33,7 t/ha. The yield in the market category reached 21,3 t/ha at location No. 1 and 22,7 t/ha at location No. 2. Location No. 1 achieved a higher yield in most categories, mainly due to the higher amount of applied nitrogen fertilizers.
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Use of the Agrorisk.cz portal – an early warning system against the negative effects of weather on agriculture
Žalud, Zdeněk ; Svobodová, Eva ; Klem, Karel ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Bláhová, Monika ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Balek, Jan
The early warning system against negative weather effects offers a daily updated description of abiotic and selected biotic risks threatening field production at the cadastral level. It includes their 9-day forecast. The methodology is primarily intended for agronomists,plant doctors and agricultural managers, as well as scientists, agricultural consultants and representatives of public administration.
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The Human Colon and the Variability of its Microbial Colonization from Adaptations to Different Environmental Conditions
Peterová, Lucie ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
This bachelors's thesis focuses on the study of the human large intestine and the variability of its microbial colonization in relation to different environmental conditions. The human large intestine is considered to be a dynamic ecosystem that is populated by a diverse community of microorganisms known as the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome plays a key role in host physiology, influencing digestion, the immune system and energy metabolism. This thesis summarizes the current state of knowledge in the literature regarding the human large intestine and its microbial population, focusing on the adaptation of the intestinal microbiota to different environmental conditions such as diet, antibiotic use and disease occurrence. It also analyses the impact of lifestyle and environmental factors on the gut microbiota, including the effects of stress, physical activity and geographical location. The thesis provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of the gut microbiome and highlights its importance in maintaining human health. The variability of microbial colonization of the gut is a fascinating phenomenon that deserves careful study and understanding. Understanding these processes may contribute to the development of new strategies for maintaining and restoring a healthy gut microbiota that could...
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An Educational Game in Teaching Human Biology at Primary Level
CAPOUCHOVÁ, Anna
The goal of diploma thesis was to create three author´s didactic games of human biology designated for education of pupils of elementary school. Games were created for 2nd year of the elementary school. The goal of the games was to acquire new knowledges and deeper existing knowledges about a topic human biology. Games follow up topics: structure of human body, senses, diseases and injures. Pupils' knowledges were verified by pretest, posttest n. 1 and posttest n. 2. Results of tests were verified between the experimental group (didactic games) and the control group (common form by using interactive exercises).
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